UJI TOKSISITAS EKSTRAK DAUN BERUWAS LAUT (Scaevola taccada) DENGAN METODE BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST(BSLT)

Abstract

Beach Naupaka leaves (Scaevola taccada) originating from the coast of Tanjung Siambang, Riau Islands are thought to have secondary metabolites. This study aims to determine the level of toxicity and active compounds in young leaves and old leaves with marine characteristics. Extraction of active compounds is done in two ways, namely extraction without using solvents to produce crude extracts and extraction using chlorofrom solvents to produce crude extracts of chloroform. Each extract was tested for toxicity against Artemia salina Leach shrimp larvae. The results showed that the toxicity of crude extracts from beach naupaka leaves against shrimp larvae of Artemia salina Leach obtained LC₅₀ values, namely crude extracts of young leaves and old leaves of beach naupaka amounted to 6006.20 ppm and 59841.16 ppm. Whereas crude chloroform extracts of young and old beach naupaka leaves are 410204.10 ppm and 7153.19 ppm. Phytochemical test results show that crude extract and crude extract of chloroform are steroids and reducing sugars. This result was reinforced by TLC using the best eluent, for crude extracts young leaves of eluent chloroform  produced 7 spots with an Rf value of 0.088-0.213. Crude extract old leaves of eluent chloroform produced 7 spots with an Rf value of 0.169-0.263. Crude extract of chloroform young leaves of eluent metanol:chloroform (1:1) produced 10 spots with an Rf value of 0.025-0.275. And crude chloroform extract old leaves of eluent chloroform  produced 11 spots with an Rf value of 0.006-0.281.