Phytochemical Analysis and Toxicity Test of Nipah Leaf Extracts (Nypa fruticans) by Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (Bslt) Methods

Abstract

Nipah leaves are widely used as raw materials for processed foods, handicrafts, and traditional medicine for diseases such as heatiness and stomach pain. This study aims to determine the level of toxicity and the amount of active ingredient content in nipah (Nypa fruticans) leaves. The active compounds were identified by phytochemical testing, and the findings were verified by KLT testing. A. salina Leach larvae were used to evaluate the extract for toxicity. To obtain LC₅₀ values, A. salina Leach mortality data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel probit. The results of the phytochemical study showed that the active ingredients alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, saponins, and tannins were present in the nipah leaf extract in methanol solvent. Chlorophomous components in nipah (Nypa fruticans) leaf extract include flavonoids and triterpenoids. KLT using the best eluent on AA2 with 15 dpot to confirm the results. The LC₅₀ value of nipah (Nypa fruticans) leaf extract in methanol solvent was 100.34 ppm, in accordance with the toxicity test results. In contrast, 481.87 ppm was the LC₅₀ value of nipah (Nypa fruticans) leaf extract in chloroform solvent.