Kajian Sistematis Literatur Mengenai Proteksionisme dan Dinamika Perdagangan Internasional: Pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) Berdasarkan PRISMA 2020

Authors

  • Mohamad Irvansyah Universitas Negeri Jakarta
  • Mohamad Irwan Ramdhan Universitas Negeri Jakarta
  • David Panjaitan Universitas Dehasen Bengkulu
  • Khairun Nisa Universitas Negeri Jakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31629/bi.v9i1.7264

Keywords:

Protectionism, International Trade, Trade War

Abstract

In the past decade, the resurgence of protectionist policies has emerged as a major challenge to the stability of international trade. The trade conflict between the United States and China, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the increasing imposition of tariff and non-tariff barriers have marked a shift from the era of globalization towards a trend of deglobalization. This study aims to systematically examine the impact of protectionism on the dynamics of international trade with a particular focus on three key countries: the United States, China, and Indonesia.

This research employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach and adheres to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines to ensure that the review process is systematic, transparent, and replicable. Literature was collected from three major academic databases—Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar—using inclusion criteria such as articles published between 2020 and 2025, written in English or Indonesian, and peer reviewed. A content analysis was conducted on 30 selected journal articles to identify patterns, key findings, and policy implications.

The analysis reveals that protectionism has significantly affected global supply chains, energy consumption, and macroeconomic stability in various countries. The US–China trade war in particular has created distortions in bilateral trade and triggered policy uncertainty. Meanwhile, Indonesia faces challenges from both external shocks and internal protective measures that influence its export competitiveness. The study recommends the importance of export market diversification, enhancement of value-added exports, and strengthening of multilateral cooperation to mitigate the negative impacts of protectionism and foster a more equitable and sustainable global trading system.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

A. Mario Farrasda As, & Nur Isdah Idris. (2024). Energy protectionism: Tren Meningkatnya Kebijakan Proteksionisme Energi Di uni Eropa. WISSEN : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora, 2(3), 260-270. doi:10.62383/wissen.v2i3.199

Alam, G. N., & Azmi, F. (2024). Kebijakan Proteksionisme Indonesia dalam Pembatasan Impor Barang Cross Border Melalui E-Commerce: Studi Kasus Aplikasi Shopee. Jurnal Perdagangan Internasional, 2, 031-043. Retrieved from https://DOI: 10.33197/jpi.v2i1.2014

Almazán-Gómez, M. Á., El Khatabi, F., Llano, C., & Pérez, J. (2025). Modelling regional exposure to new trade wars. Journal of Policy Modeling. doi:10.1016/j.jpolmod.2025.04.001

Bayu Krisnamurti, & Dinda Ayu Hapsari. (2024). Global economic inequality: A review of international law on the mechanism and fairness of free trade regulation. RESPONSIVE LAW JOURNAL, 1(2), 15-20. doi:10.59923/rlj.v1i2.267

Benguria, F., Choi, J., Swenson, D., & Xu, M. (2020). Anxiety or pain? The impact of tariffs and uncertainty on Chinese firms in the trade war. doi:10.3386/w27920

Cho, J., Hong, E. K., Yoo, J., & Cheong, I. (2020). The impact of global protectionism on Port logistics demand. Sustainability, 12(4), 1444. doi:10.3390/su12041444

De Boer, J., Eichler, S., & Roevekamp, I. (2022). Protectionism, bilateral integration, and the cross section of exchange rate returns in us presidential debates. SSRN Electronic Journal. doi:10.2139/ssrn.4263882

Egger, P. H., Masllorens, G., Rocha, N., & Ruta, M. (2022). Scarcity nationalism during COVID-19: Identifying the impact on trade costs. doi:10.1596/1813-9450-10237

Fathun, L. M. (2017). Proteksionisme sengketa dagang dalam perdagangan internasional: Pendekatan negosiasi studi kasus: Proteksionisme as terhadap impor daging kanada. Jurnal Asia Pacific Studies, 1(1), 15. doi:10.33541/japs.v1i1.498

Fitriyanti, R., Judistia, A., Ulvatmi, J., Hanun, R., & Nurhaliza, S. (2023). DAMPAK PROTEKSIONISME AMERIKA SERIKAT TERHADAP INDONESIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF KONSTRUKTIVISME. Journal of Economics and Social Sciences, 2(1), 37-46.

Ghauri, P. N., Xiao, S. S., Park, B. I., & Choi, S. (2023). Protectionism and its impact on MNC subsidiaries’ performance. Management International Review, 63(5), 731-757. doi:10.1007/s11575-023-00519-z

Hamdani, M., & Belfencha, I. (2024). Strategic implications of the US-China semiconductor rivalry. Discover Global Society, 2(1). doi:10.1007/s44282-024-00081-5

Hardenta, A. D., Ariefti, S. D., & Abyapta, W. R. (2023). Pengaruh Implementasi Kebijakan Proteksionisme Melalui Tingkat Komponen Dalam Negeri Terhadap tender/Seleksi Internasional. Jurnal Hukum Ius Quia Iustum, 30(1), 114-137. doi:10.20885/iustum.vol30.iss1.art6

Isnaini, N., Kasanusi, & Akbar, B. W. (2024). Kebijakan Proteksionisme Donald Trump terhadap Dinamika Perang Dagang Amerika Serikat–Cina Tahun 2018-2022. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, 1(2), 70-78.

Jannah, A. R., Rangkuty, D. M., & Rusiadi Rusiadi. (2024). Studi Kajian Kebijakan Perdagangan Internasional Dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Negara Berkembang. Intellektika : Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa, 2(4), 259-268. doi:10.59841/intellektika.v2i4.1556

Karim, R., Syed, R. F., & Islam, T. (2022). Trade protectionism & China’s international trade disputes: Renewable energy perspectives. China and WTO Review, 8(1), 107-126. doi:10.14330/cwr.2022.8.1.04

Lechthaler, W., & Mileva, M. (2024). Trade liberalization, wage inequality, and monetary policy. Journal of International Money and Finance, 143, 103065. doi:10.1016/j.jimonfin.2024.103065

Li, Z., & Fang, F. (2024). Risk expectation from trade protectionism and firm innovation strategies: Theory and evidence from China. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 9(2), 100480. doi:10.1016/j.jik.2024.100480

Liu, Q., & Ning, Z. (2023). Impact of global supply chain crisis on Chinese forest product enterprises: Trade trends and literature review. Forests, 14(6), 1247. doi:10.3390/f14061247

Ma, H., & Ning, J. (2024). The return of protectionism: Prospects for Sino-US trade relations in the wake of the trade war. China Economic Quarterly International, 4(3), 182-211. doi:10.1016/j.ceqi.2024.09.003

Ma, J. (2025). Research on the impact of trade wars and protectionism on the global economy and South East Asia’s coping strategy. Highlights in Business, Economics and Management, 47, 29-35. doi:10.54097/9c7p3k91

Matondang, K. A., Handayani, A., Hasibuan, A. P., Simanungkalit, J., & Rina. (2024). STRATEGI HILIRISASI DI INDONESIA DALAM MENGHADAPI KEBIJAKAN PROTEKSIONISME PADA KOMODITAS BAJA/BESI. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Perbankan Syariah, 9(5), 3371-3377. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.30651/jms.v9i5.24339

Matondang, K. A., Sinaga, D. L., Tinambunan, F. U., Saragi, S. L., & Sitio, V. (2024). Pengaruh Kebijakan Proteksionisme Terhadap Hubungan Dagang Antar Negara. Journal Of Social Science Research, 4(3), 4742-4755. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v4i3.10847

Medlock III, K. B., Temzelides, T., & Chung, W. (2021). Mercantilism's Groundhog Day: The US-China trade war and US energy exports to Northeast Asia. Energy Strategy Reviews, 38, 100741. doi:10.1016/j.esr.2021.100741

Nurcahyo, M. A., & Nugroho, A. S. (2023). Dampak implementasi kebijakan pembatasan impor Sepeda pada pola perdagangan internasional. JURNAL PERSPEKTIF BEA DAN CUKAI, 7(1), 55-75. doi:10.31092/jpbc.v7i1.2100

Prahaski, N., & Ibrahim, H. (2023). Kebijakan Perdagangan Internasional Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Negara Berkembang. Jurnal Minfo Polgan, 12(2), 2474-2479. doi:10.33395/jmp.v12i2.13292

Pratama, R. A., & Widodo, T. (2020). The impact of Nontariff trade policy of European Union crude palm oil import on Indonesia, Malaysia, and the rest of the world economy: An analysis in GTAP framework. Jurnal Ekonomi Indonesia, 9(1), 39-52. doi:10.52813/jei.v9i1.28

Purwono, R., Heriqbaldi, U., Esquivias, M. A., & Mubin, M. K. (2022). The American–China trade war and spillover effects on value-added exports from Indonesia. Sustainability, 14(5), 3093. doi:10.3390/su14053093

Puślecki, Z. W. (2023). Implications increase of protectionism between USA and China for international business. International Journal of Environmental Engineering and Development, 1, 175-197. doi:10.37394/232033.2023.1.19

Rastuti, T., & Khoirudin, A. A. (2025). Politik Hukum Indonesia dalam Menghadapi Retaliasi Perang Dagang China terhadap Amerika Serikat Berdasarkan Prinsip Proteksionisme. LITIGASI, 26(1), 26-66. doi:10.23969/litigasi.v26i1.15157

Safitri, F., & Putri, J. (n.d.). TREN PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP NERACA PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah, 5(2), 2746-8925. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.56874/eksya.v5i2.2177

Saifulloh, M. R. (2020). Kebijakan Proteksionisme Indonesia Guna Menstabilkan Iklim Investasi Nasional Dan Mengkapitalisasi Kondisi Perang Dagang Amerika Serikat – Tiongkok. Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis, 1(1), 51-63. doi:10.56370/jhlg.v1i1.193

Setianingtiyas, F. A. (2022). Proteksionisme AS terhadap Komoditas aluminium Dan Baja Indonesia Pada masa Perang Dagang AS-China. Jurnal Pena Wimaya, 2(1). doi:10.31315/jpw.v2i1.5297

Sheng, L., Song, H., & ZHENG, X. (2023). How did Chinese exporters manage the trade War?†. doi:10.2139/ssrn.4610398

Shi, Y., Wang, L., & Ke, J. (2021). Does the US-China trade war affect Co-movements between US and Chinese stock markets? Research in International Business and Finance, 58, 101477. doi:10.1016/j.ribaf.2021.101477

Strobel, F., & Khalil, M. (2025). The us dollar and the effectiveness of us trade policy. doi:10.2139/ssrn.5137787

Suryanta, B., & Patunru, A. A. (2023). Trade impediments in Indonesia. Journal of Economic Integration, 38(2), 247-277. doi:10.11130/jei.2023.38.2.247

Thiam, M., Brou, J. K., & Varela, B. A. (2021). Export restrictions and COVID-19. Journal of Economic Integration, 36(4), 519-548. doi:10.11130/jei.2021.36.4.519

Tu, X., & Zhang, K. H. (2019). International monetary systems and US trade deficits with China. The Chinese Economy, 52(5), 377-386. doi:10.1080/10971475.2019.1617924

Wang, Y., & Wang, X. (2023). Protectionism's impact on embodied energy flows among 43 countries: An assessment based on input-output structural decomposition model. Cleaner Environmental Systems, 11, 100148. doi:10.1016/j.cesys.2023.100148

Wangke, H. (2020). Implications of United States - China trade war to Indonesia. International Journal of Business and Economics Research, 9(3), 151. doi:10.11648/j.ijber.20200903.18

Xu, J. (2024). The impact of trade wars and protectionism on the global economy: A Sino-US perspective. Highlights in Business, Economics and Management, 46, 203-208. doi:10.54097/8e69jk79

Zahoor, N., Wu, J., Khan, H., & Khan, Z. (2023). De-globalization, international trade protectionism, and the reconfigurations of global value chains. Management International Review, 63(5), 823-859. doi:10.1007/s11575-023-00522-4

Zhang, Z. (2024). Trade protectionism and international trade policy study. Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management, 14(2), 115-119. doi:10.54097/p1dzhf35

Zhu, X., & Ye, Y. (2024). Economic policy uncertainty and enterprise export resilience in China: Does the digital economy matter? Heliyon, 10(10), e31091. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31091

Zuliyan, M. A., & Alfian, M. F. (2024). ASEAN countries on overcoming US – China trade war. Review of International Relations, 6(1), 44-57. doi:10.24252/rir.v6i1.47193

Zuo, Q., & Majeed, M. T. (2024). Does trade policy uncertainty hurt renewable energy-related sustainable development goals in China? Heliyon, 10(15), e35215. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35215

Downloads

Published

30-06-2025

How to Cite

Irvansyah, M. ., Irwan Ramdhan, M. ., Panjaitan, D. ., & Nisa, K. (2025). Kajian Sistematis Literatur Mengenai Proteksionisme dan Dinamika Perdagangan Internasional: Pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) Berdasarkan PRISMA 2020. Bahtera Inovasi, 9(1), 31-44. https://doi.org/10.31629/bi.v9i1.7264

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.