KARBON AKTIF BERPORI DARI KULIT JERUK (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) MELALUI METODA DEHIDRASI UNTUK KAPASITOR ELEKTROKIMIA
Abstract
Limbah kulit jeruk (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) adalah precusor karbon aktif yang ramah lingkungan dan ekonomis untuk bahan elektroda kapasitor elektrokimia. Pada penelitian ini kulit jeruk telah dimanfaatkan sebagai precusor karbon aktif berpori melalui metoda dehidrasi dengan H2SO4 dan penambahan aktivator KOH pada suhu karbonisasi 400°C. Karbon aktif yang dihasilkan terdiri dari karbon (71,42%) dan oksigen (28,58%), dengan volume pori adalah 0,04281 cm³/g, diameter pori 2,57 nm dan luas permukaan 140 m2/g dengan struktur dominan mesopori dan sedikit mikropori. Kinerja kapasitor elektrokimia dengan menggunakan karbon aktif dari kulit jeruk mencapai 10,75 mF dengan jumlah elektron 647,365 x 1015 elektron pada kondisi luas permukaan elektroda 3x3 cm2, ketebalan elektroda 0,15 cm dan elektrolit H3PO4 0,3 N. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sintesis karbon aktif kulit jeruk melalui dehidrasi asam memberikan keuntungan dalam segi efisiensi biaya, waktu dan proses preparasi untuk menghasilkan karbon aktif berpori dengan luas permukaan yang tinggi sebagai kapasitor elektrokimia berkinerja tinggi.
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