Identifikasi Molekuler dan Variasi Genetik Rumput Laut Halimeda sp. di Perairan Tapanuli Tengah, Sumatera Utara
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31629/akuatiklestari.v9i2.7710Kata Kunci:
DNA barcoding, Filogenetik, Halimeda sp., Tapanuli Tengah, tufAAbstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi spesies Halimeda di perairan Tapanuli Tengah menggunakan pendekatan morfologi dan molekuler dengan gen plastid tufA. Sampel yang dikumpulkan dari Pantai Batu Gajah, Pantai Pandaratan, dan Pulau Pane dianalisis berdasarkan ciri morfologis dan urutan DNA. Identifikasi morfologi menunjukkan bahwa Halimeda opuntia memiliki thallus berbentuk gumpalan padat dengan segmen reniform dan holdfast tipe sprawler, sementara Halimeda gigas memiliki thallus menggantung dengan segmen silindris dan holdfast tipe rock grower. Analisis molekuler melalui BLAST mengonfirmasi bahwa sampel menunjukkan kesamaan tinggi dengan spesimen referensi di GenBank, dengan query cover 95%-100%, percent identity 99,51%-100%, dan e-value 0.0, yang menunjukkan kesesuaian urutan DNA yang signifikan. Analisis filogenetik mengungkapkan dua klade utama, satu mewakili Halimeda opuntia dan satu lagi Halimeda gigas, dengan jarak genetik yang sangat rendah (0,000-0,005) dalam setiap spesies, sementara jarak genetik antar spesies mencapai 0,127. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa spesies Halimeda di Tapanuli Tengah yang diidentifikasi adalah H. opuntia dan H. gigas. Kedua spesies ini secara genetik terpisah dan dapat diidentifikasi secara akurat menggunakan penanda molekuler tufA.
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