Kajian Cemaran Mikroplastik di Perairan Sungai Musi Bagian Hilir (Sisi Kiri Sungai), Sumatera Selatan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31629/akuatiklestari.v9i2.8239Keywords:
Fiber, Mikroplastik (MPS), Sungai Musi Bagian Hilir, Spectra-FTIRAbstract
Perairan Sungai Musi sebagai sungai utama di Sumatera Selatan telah diidentifikasi sebagai sumber mikroplastik yang mengalirkannya menuju ekosistem estuari dan laut. Namun demikian, pengetahuan mengenai kelimpahan mikroplastik di bagian sisi hilir khususnya di Sungai Musi masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu, tujuan utama dari kajian ini yaitu mengestimasi, mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis kelimpahan, sebaran dan karakteristik mikroplastik di wilayah hilir aliran Sungai Musi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Perairan Sungai Musi Bagian Hilir dengan 6 titik stasiun pengamatan diantaranya stasiun Gandus, Ampera, PUSRI, Upang, Muara Sunsang dan Tanjung Carat. Hasil menunjukan keberadaan mikroplastik yang ditemukan berkisar antara 11-37,7 partikel/L dengan rata-rata kelimpahan 24,73±9,27 partikel/L. Sebaran mikroplastik di perairan Sungai Musi Bagian Hilir menunjukkan kecenderungan meningkat ke arah muara atau estuari dan laut. Peningkatan ini diduga dipengaruhi oleh kondisi hidrodinamika khususnya arus sungai dan dinamika pasang surut pada stasiun pengamatan. Kemudian, karakteristik bentuk fisik-kimia mikroplastik yang diidentifikasi yaitu fiber/serat dengan komposisi sebesar 74,4% dan jenis polimer yang umum dominasi ditemukan menggunakan ATR-FTIR yaitu PA, LDPE, PP dan PE. Sumber utama dari cemara mikroplastik ini diindikasi berasal dari aktivitas nelayan yang menggunakan jaring nylon, penggunaan plastik sekali pakai dan produk-produk kecantikan termasuk penggunaan kemasan plastik.
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