SUMBER DAYA ALAM DALAM PUSARAN PILKADA SERENTAK
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31629/kemudi.v6i02.3948Keywords:
Pilakada Langsung, Sumber Daya Alam, Industri Politik, Cukong, Krisis EkologiAbstract
Demokrasi di Indonesia telah berkembang menjadi “industri politik†yang membutuhkan biaya yang sangat besar untuk berinvestasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengeksplorasi tingginya biaya Pilkada langsung yang harus di keluarkan oleh kandidat untuk bertarung dalam kontestasi Pilkada, sehingga menjadi pintu masuk para cukong politik untuk mencari rente melalui Pilkada. Temuan kami menunjukkan bahwa Pilkada telah menjadi arena “pertempuran†antar cukong, dan daerah yang memiliki sumber daya alam yang melimpah menjadi rebutan cukong lokal dan nasional. Mereka bertarung melalui pendanaan dan pembiayaan semua kebutuhan kampanye kandidat. Sehingga pada lokus ini, mereka menguasai sumber daya alam dan merekalah yang menentukan siapa yang akan menjadi bupati, gubernur hingga siapa yang menjadi presiden. Penekanan pada SDA, khususnya tambang batu bara, sebagai salah satu sumber utama pendanaan untuk menggerakkan mesin politik, membawa dampak buruk pada tata kelola sumber daya alam dan lingkungan. Sehingga, isu SDA perlu menjadi agenda dalam setiap proses politik lokal dan nasional dan memutus mata rantai cukong politik dengan penguasa SDA yang transaksional.
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Trounstine, J. (2009). All politics is local: The reemergence of the study of city politics. Perspectives on Politics, 7(3). https://doi.org/10.1017/S1537592709990892
Vedi R. Hadiz. (2010). Localizing Power in Post-Authoritarian Indonesia: a Southeast Asia Perspective. Stanford University Press.
Aspinall, E., & Berenschot, W. (2019). Democracy for Sale: Elections, Clientelism, and the State in Indonesia. Cornell University Press.
Barzel, Y., & Kiser, E. (2002). Taxation and Voting Rights in Medieval England and France. Rationality and Society, 14(4), 473–508. https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2138391
Bates, R. H. (2014). Markets and States in Tropical Africa: The Political Basis of Economic Policy (First Edit). Berkeley: University of California Press. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520958524
Bates, R. H. (2016). Public Choice and Rural Development. https://bit.ly/3pFMWBX
Caporaso, J. A. (1996). The European Union and forms of state: Westphalian, regulatory or post-modern? Journal of Common Market Studies, 34(1). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5965.1996.tb00559.x
Caporaso, J. A., & Levine, D. P. (1992). Theories of Political Economy. In Theories of Political Economy. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511840197
Coate, M. B. (2002). A test of political control of the bureaucracy: The case of mergers. Economics and Politics, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0343.00097
Coleman, J. L. (1992). Risks and wrongs. CUP Archive.
Collins, E. (2007). Indonesia betrayed. In Indonesia Betrayed. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780824862985
Della Porta, D., & Vanucci, A. (2017). Corrupt exchanges: Actors, resources, and mechanisms of political corruption. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315080284
Dinas ESDM Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. (2019). Daftar Izin Usaha Pertambangan Provinsi Kalimantan Timur.
Ditjen Minerba. (2017). Keputusan Menteri ESDM tentang Penetapan Kebutuhan dan Persentase Minamal Penjualan Batubara Untuk Kepentingan Dalam Negeri 2018.
Etzioni-Halevy, E. (2002). Linkage deficits in transnational politics. In International Political Science Review (Vol. 23, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.1177/0192512102023002006
Fossati, D. (2016). Electoral Dynamics in Indonesia: Money Politics, Patronage and Clientelism at the Grassroots. 38(2), 321–324. https://doi.org/10.1355/cs38-2j
Grindle, M. S. (1998). The new political economy positive economics and negative politics (Vol. 304). World Bank Publications. https://bit.ly/3pEvw8r
Jacobson, G. C., & Kernell, S. (1982). Strategy and Choice in the 1982 Congressional Elections. PS: Political Science & Politics, 15(3). https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049096500060479
Jacobson, G. J. (1983). Money in congressional elections. Electoral Studies, 2(2), 185. https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-3794(83)90067-7
Jatam. (2017). Mewaspadai Ijon Politik Pertambangan pada Pemilukada Serentak 2017 (Vol. 01). https://www.jatam.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Lembar-Fakta-Nasional1.pdf
KPK. (2016). Laporan Studi Potensi Benturan Kepentingan Dalam Pendanaan Pilkada. https://aclc.kpk.go.id/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Laporan-Pendanaan-Pilkada.pdf
KPK. (2018). Laporan Tahunan KPK 2018 Direktorat Penelitian dan Pengembangan. https://www.kpk.go.id/images/Integrito/LampiranLaptah2019/LITBANG.pdf
Lappie, J., & Marschall, M. (2018). Place and participation in local elections. Political Geography, 64, 33–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polgeo.2018.02.003
Marino, O., Subagiyo, H., & Alamanda, R. (2013). Masyarakat sipil mengawasi alam: Review izin Industri berbasis lahan.
Marschall, M., Shah, P., & Ruhil, A. (2011). The study of local elections. PS - Political Science and Politics, 44(1), 97–100. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049096510001940
Modus Ijon Politik. (2018, Juni 20). Harianmomentum.com. Retrieved: https://harianmomentum.com/read/9453/modus-ijon-politik
Olson, M. (2000). Power and Prosperity - Outgrowing Communist and Capitalist Dictatorships. New York, Basic Books.
Praja, A. P. (2014, April 24). Potensi pajak hilang triliunan: KPK nilai buruk pengelolaan mineral dan batu bara. Kompas, 5.
Risal, S., Johnles, J., Bajari, A., Pramudiana, I., & Padatu, B. (2021, September 14). Natural Resources Under Vortex of Simultaneously Elections. https://doi.org/10.4108/EAI.3-6-2021.2310734
Risal, S., Paranoan, D., & Djaja, S. (2017). Analisis Dampak Kebijakan Pertambangan Terhadap Kehidupan Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Di Kelurahan Makroman. EJournal Administrative Reform (JAR), 1(3), 516–530.
Risal, S., Zauhar, S., Sarwono, S., & Hermawan, H. (2020). Impact of Decentralization in East Kalimantan Province on Mineral and Coal Mining Policy. Journal of Public Administration Studies, 005(01). https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jpas.2020.005.01.6
Sidel, J. T. (2014). Economic foundations of subnational authoritarianism: Insights and evidence from qualitative and quantitative research. Democratization, 21(1), 161–184. https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2012.725725
Tilly, C. (2021). War making and state making as organized crime. In Power and Inequality: Critical Readings for a New Era: Second Edition. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315205021-8
Tim Peneliti Perludem. (2011). Menata Kembali Pengaturan Pemilukada. http://perludem.org/wp-content/plugins/download-attachments/includes/download.php?id=208
Trounstine, J. (2009). All politics is local: The reemergence of the study of city politics. Perspectives on Politics, 7(3). https://doi.org/10.1017/S1537592709990892
Vedi R. Hadiz. (2010). Localizing Power in Post-Authoritarian Indonesia: a Southeast Asia Perspective. Stanford University Press.
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Published
2022-04-18
How to Cite
Risal, S., Herry Bajari, A. ., & Hergianasari, P. . (2022). SUMBER DAYA ALAM DALAM PUSARAN PILKADA SERENTAK. KEMUDI : Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, 6(02), 135–148. https://doi.org/10.31629/kemudi.v6i02.3948
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