Kajian Hidrologi Debit Puncak Penyebab Banjir Bandang Menggunakan Pemodelan Hidrograf Satuan Sintesis-SCS (HSS-SCS)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31629/akuatiklestari.v5i2.4527Keywords:
Peak Discharge, Hydrological Analysis, Synthetic Unit Hydrograph (SUH), HEC-HMS, Flood ModellingAbstract
Siklus hidrologi merupakan hal terpenting dalam memahami proses fisik yang mengendalikan distribusi dan pergerakan air. Salahsatu proses siklus hidrologi yang paling berbahaya adalah hujan karena mampu menyebabkan bencana di lingkungan perairan seperti banjir dan banjir bandang. Penelitian ini merupakan sebuah kajian hidrologi di Sub-DAS Bt. Kuranji, Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui debit puncak penyebab banjir bandang akibat curah hujan harian melalui analisis karakteristik hidrograf banjir (HSS) menggunakan pemodelan hidrologi berbasis SIG dan HEC-HMS. Data yang digunakan yaitu DEM IFSAR, data hujan selama 38 tahun, dan citra satelit Quickbird. Data diolah menggunakan perangkat lunak HEC-HMS dan HEC-GeoHMS pada Arc-GIS untuk mendapatkan nilai hujan rerata kawasan (MAP), SCS-CN dan Hidrograf banjir dari debit puncak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hujan terkosentrasi selama 3 jam dengan Puncak hujan efektif (Pe) pada periode ulang 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, dan 100 tahun rata-rata terjadi antara jam ke-2 dan jam ke-3 turunnya hujan. Debit puncak (Q) tiap periode ulang secara berurutan yaitu 168,4 m3/dt, 287,9 m3/dt, 381,5 m3/dt, 479,6 m3/dt, 616,4 m3/dt, dan 724,9 m3/dt.
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